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Igbo Mythology, Fate, and Free Will in Chigozie Obioma’s An Orchestra of Minorities

Igbo Mythology

In Igbo mythology, Chukwu is the creator of all things and the chi is the guardian spirit. The chi lives in the body of their host and serves as a witness. When their host dies, the chi gives an account (to Chukwu) of how the host lived their life.

The chi has limited power because they cannot see the future and therefore cannot influence free will or interfere with the natural course of events. However, the chi can present helpful images and thoughts in their host’s mind and dreams. Most importantly, the chi can plead to Chukwu on their host’s behalf “to grant the soul safe passage into Alandiichie, the habitation of the ancestors.” They can help to explain why the host made particular decisions.

I continued to flash the thought in his mind many times that day, but the voice of his head would counter each time and tell him that it was too late.

Chinonso’s chi

An Orchestra of Minorities by Chigozie Obioma opens with Chinonso’s chi pleading for leniency before Chukwu. This is unusual because Chinonso is still alive. This tells the reader that Chinonso has done something unthinkable to warrant his chi’s early intercession with Chukwu. 

Chinonso’s chi narrates the story through flashbacks and describes the events that lead to the book’s opening chapter. The chi recounts how Chinonso met Ndali, how they fell in love and dreamed of getting married. We learn that Ndali is from a wealthy family and she is in school to become a pharmacist. Chinonso is uneducated and a poultry farmer. Although Ndali’s family tries to keep them apart, Chinonso is eager to do anything to ensure they can be together. Jamike, Chinonso’s friend lures him to Cyprus under the guise of an opportunity to attend a university. This, they agree, would allow Chinonso to become educated so that he can then marry Ndali. 

Chinonso arrives in Northern Cyprus instead and finds that he has fallen victim to a scam. From there, things go downhill and eventually lead to his grief and disappointment. These circumstances instigate the events that lead to Chinonso’s chi pleading on his behalf, way before his death. 

No matter the weight of grief, nothing can compel the eyes to shed tears of blood. No matter how long a man weeps, only tears continue to fall.

Fate or Free Will 

Some may read An Orchestra of Minorities as a tragic love story, and others may read it as the demise of a man. Chigozie Obioma may have intended for Chinonso to be a complex character, but I did not find that to be the case. Everything that happens to Chinonso shape and define him; just as the events that transpire transform Ndali and Jamike. Chinonso’s circumstances are not extraordinary. 

In the end, Chinonso’s chi is pleading with Chukwu—and in some ways with the reader—to forgive him for what he has unknowingly done. To forgive Chinonso, the reader will have to decide whether his experiences were orchestrated by fate or free will. 

Conclusion

It is possible that I did not give this book a chance because I kept comparing it to the author’s debut novel, The Fisherman; a story that I’ve written about here. This follow up, to me, was unnecessarily wordy and did not live up to the hype. 

I am fascinated by Igbo mythology and enjoyed that aspect of the book. Chigozie Obioma’s attention to detail and the images he provides in the beginning will be helpful to readers.

Overall, I was disappointed not to have liked this book as much as I did, The Fishermen. This love story—despite the authors attempts to make it sound like a new tale—just was not for me. 

Who are the minorities? According to Obioma, “No matter how privileged you think you are, on a spiritual level, we are all minorities–small things.

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What Is Left When the Thing That Links Us to Our Heritage Is Lost?

Zinzi Clemmons’ What We Lose provides a striking account of life after loss. “What We Lose: A Support Guide” is the title of the pamphlet that the narrator, Thandie, receives after her mother’s death from cancer.

In What We Lose Clemmons tackles race, sexuality, friendship, loss, grief and, to some extent, migration. The book is carefully compiled with graphs, pictures, song lyrics, and blog posts to provide a rich account of the narrator’s struggles, realizations, and growth. When she proclaims that Black people are more likely to die of cancer compared to their White counterparts, she presents statistics to support this claim. She goes on to suggest that though Black women are more likely to die from cancer, their experiences are not the focus of dominant narratives and campaigns.

Despite Clemmons’ creative use of vignettes, however, What We Lose is at times jerky, and some thoughts are surprisingly incomplete. I wonder if these asides were done to support the primary narrative of loss and grief or if they were intended to stand alone. I am not sure.

Thandie’s take on South Africa, Oscar Pistorius (the South African Olympian who’s trial made international headlines because he murdered his girlfriend…thinking she was an intruder), and Winnie Mandela offered an interesting picture of post-Apartheid South Africa. One particular section that stands out is her musing on her racial identity.

“To my [South African] cousins and me, American blacks were the epitome of American cool. Blacks were the stars of rap videos, big-name comedians, and actors with their own television shows and world tours…

We worshipped them, and my cousins, especially, looked to the freedom that these stars represented as aspirational. It was a freedom synonymous with democracy, with political freedom—with America itself. It was rarefied, powerful.

But when I called myself black, my cousins looked at me askance.

They are what is called coloured in South Africa—mixed race—and my father is light-skinned black. I looked just like my relatives, but calling myself black was wrong to them.

Though American blacks were cool, South African blacks were ordinary, yet dangerous. It was something they didn’t want to be.”

Although Clemmons explored her mixed race and national identities, I wanted more. The death of her mother signified a loss of the very thing that connected her to her South African roots. The desire for belonging and her need to be tethered to something — from which an identity can be formulated — deserved a more in-depth exploration.

Hence the question, what is left when the thing that links us to our heritage is lost?

I believe this “thing” can be forgetting to speak a language, or forgetting cultural practices (dances, poems, etc.). What We Lose is an appropriate title as it can refer to the loss of something physical (a death) or a loss of a former home (migration). Still, some losses cannot be quantified or touched, only felt.

What We Lose is a fictional memoir at best. I have read very few books like it and celebrate its unique style.

I am looking forward to many more novels by this author.

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